For centuries, women on Jeju Island have mastered the art of free diving, with their genetic makeup playing a crucial role in their exceptional endurance. A recent study has uncovered the secrets behind their ability to dive into the ocean and return to land, shedding light on the physiological adaptations that make them superwomen.
For centuries, the women of Jeju Island have been diving into the ocean to collect seafood and sell it on land. Their ability to do so is not just a testament to their physical strength but also to their genetic makeup. A recent study has uncovered the specific adaptations that make these women exceptional free divers.
The Haenyeo were a group of female divers from the island of Jeju, South Korea.
For centuries, they risked their lives to harvest seafood for their families and communities.
These women were known for their bravery, skill, and physical endurance.
They would dive in the cold waters of the East Sea to gather seaweed, shellfish, and other seafood.
The Haenyeo played a vital role in Korea's food culture and economy.
Although their numbers have decreased significantly since the 1970s, their legacy lives on as an important part of Korean history and heritage.
The Haenyeo are an all-female group of free divers who have been swimming in the waters around Jeju Island for generations. They start diving as girls and continue well into old age, even during pregnancy. This unique lifestyle has led to some remarkable physiological changes.
Researcher Melissa Ilardo compared the Haenyeo to other elderly women on Jeju Island who aren’t divers but have a similar genetic background, as well as those off-island who aren’t related. The study found two genes that are associated with cold tolerance and blood pressure. ‘The first gene may help protect against hypothermia, while the second gene is linked to blood vessel structure and function.’
Genes are segments of DNA that carry genetic information from one generation to the next.
They determine traits such as eye color, hair color, and height.
Humans have approximately 20,000-25,000 genes in their genome.
Genes work by providing instructions for protein production, which perform various functions within cells.
Mutations in 'genetic instructions' can lead to genetic disorders or diseases.
Scientists study 'the building blocks of life' to understand human biology and develop treatments for genetic conditions.
Diving can increase blood pressure, particularly during pregnancy, which can be life-threatening. However, the Haenyeo‘s genetic adaptations may have helped mitigate this risk. The study found that their heart rate drops significantly when they hold their breath in cold water, similar to what happens during a simulated dive.
The researchers took saliva samples from the women and found that everyone on Jeju Island, regardless of whether they were divers or not, had similar genes. This suggests that generations of diving have sculpted the population’s genetic makeup, making it more likely for people to be descendants of divers.
“The discovery of these genetic adaptations could lead to the development of a therapeutic that protects people from stroke and other cardiovascular diseases.”
The Haenyeo‘s way of life is dwindling, and it’s essential to celebrate their unique culture and biology. Their genetic adaptations are not just remarkable but also hold secrets to improving human health. By studying these exceptional women, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of the human body’s capabilities and potentially develop new treatments for diseases.
The Haenyeo‘s story is one of extraordinary endurance, adaptability, and resilience. Their genetic makeup has been shaped by generations of diving, making them superwomen in every sense. As researchers continue to study these remarkable women, they may uncover the secrets of their ‘superpower’ and apply that knowledge to improve human health.
